In deductive reasoning, what supports a claim?

In deductive reasoning, a claim is supported primarily by specific instances or examples. This type of reasoning moves from general principles or premises to a specific conclusion, demonstrating that if the general principles are true, the conclusion must also be true.

By providing specific instances or examples, you're able to illustrate how the claims fit within the broader principles being argued. This real-world application solidifies the logic, showing the audience how the claim is not only theoretically plausible but practically applicable as well. Specific examples significantly enhance the persuasiveness of the argument by connecting abstract concepts to concrete situations that the audience can relate to or visualize.

The other options, while useful in different contexts, do not provide the same level of direct support for a claim in deductive reasoning. Theoretical definitions offer the meanings of terms but do not demonstrate relationships or causal links necessary for support. Hypothetical scenarios may provoke thought or illustrate possibilities but lack concrete evidence that directly backs up a claim. Past experiences can inform an argument, yet they often function more as anecdotal support rather than the definitive deductive structure that relies on clear examples aligned with the claims being made.