What term refers to the literal meanings found in dictionaries?

The term that refers to the literal meanings found in dictionaries is denotative. This is the primary meaning of a word or expression, stripped of any emotional or cultural associations that might affect how it is understood in different contexts. When you look up a word in a dictionary, what you find is its denotative meaning—the straightforward, objective definition that accurately conveys what the word represents.

Connotative meanings, on the other hand, involve the associations, feelings, or emotions that a word may invoke, which can vary significantly based on personal experiences or cultural contexts. Symbolic relates to the use of symbols to represent ideas and concepts, often carrying meanings that are figurative rather than literal. Descriptive refers to the act of describing something, typically involving language that depicts or illustrates rather than focuses solely on explicit meanings.

Understanding the distinction between these terms is crucial for effective communication, especially in public speaking, where clarity and precise use of language are vital for conveying intended messages to an audience.